To determine if the toad in your garden is a cane toad (Rhinella marina), consider several identifying characteristics. Cane toads are typically large, with a robust body and can grow up to 25 cm in length. They have dry, warty skin, and their coloration can vary, often being brown, olive, or grayish with darker splotches.

One of the most distinctive features is their prominent, noticeable parotoid glands located behind the eyes, which can excrete toxins as a defense mechanism. Additionally, cane toads have a horizontal pupil compared to the round pupils seen in many native toads.

Cane toads are also known for their loud mating calls, especially during breeding season from spring to early summer, which can often be heard at night.

If the toad you see exhibits these features, it is likely a cane toad, which is an invasive species in Australia and can be harmful to native wildlife. If you’re unsure, you might consider consulting a local wildlife expert or using a reliable identification app to assist with your identification.